Continental Drift & prominent evidences

The theory of continental drift was propounded by Wagner according to which all he continents formed a single continental mass called PANGEA and mega ocean PANTHALASSA surrounded it. He argued that, around 200 million years ago, the supercontinent, Pangea, began to split in two different directions. 

Pangea first broke into two large continental masses as Laurasia and Gondwanaland forming Northern and Southern components respectively. Evidences in support of the continental drift are — 

1. Matching of continents (Jig-saw-fit)— the shorelines of Africa and South America facing each other have a remarkable and unmistakable match. 

2. Rocks of same age across the oceans — The belt of ancient rocks of 2000 million years from Brazil coast matches with those from Western Africa. 

3. Evidence left by past glacial flows. 

4. Fossils Deposits — Observation that Lemurs occur in India, Madagascar and Africa led some to consider a contiguous landmass ‘Lemuria’ linking three landmasses.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Subhash Chandra Bose's contribution to India's freedom

Subhash Chandra Bose was a prominent freedom fighter who has made an immense contribution to the freedom of our country. He participated in the Non-corporation Movement in 1920 and set an example for the youth of the country and inspired them in many ways. Subhash chandra Bose was a prominent freedom fighter. He participated in the noncooperation movement in 1920. He became the president of Haripura and Tripuri session of congress. He founded the Forward Block in January 1941. He made anti British propoganda from the Berlin radio station and raised free India units with the Indian prisoners of war in germany.  After Ras Bihari Boase resigned from the chairmanship of Indian Independence league subhash chandra Bose became the commander in chief of INA. Bose set up two INA Headquarters, in Rangoon and in Singapora Bose in a Broadcast on Azad Hind Radio had addressed Gandhi Ji as the “Father of the Nation”. The slogans of INA were “Jai Hind” and “Delhi Chalo.”
Read more

Manipur Civil Service Combined Competitive (2010-2022) Previous Papers PDF Download

The Manipur Civil Services Combined Competitive Preliminary Examination will consist of 1 (one) paper of objective type (multiple choice questions) and carry a maximum of 300 marks in General Studies.This Examination is meant to serve as a screening test only; the marks obtained in the Preliminary Examination by the candidates who are declared qualified for admission to the Main Examination will not be counted for determining their final order of merit . Manipur Civil Service Combined Competitive (Preliminary) Exam, 2010 MCSCCE (Prelim) Examination General Studies The Combined Competitive Main Examination will consist of Written Examination and Interview/Personality Test. The Written Examination will consist of 8(eight) compulsory papers of conventional essay Manipur Civil Service Combined Competitive (Mains) Exam, 2010 MCSCCE (Main) Examination General English Essay MCSCCE (Main) Examination General Studies Pap...
Read more

Emotional Intelligence is the ability to make your emotions work for you instead of against you

“In order to have anything like a complete theory of human rationality, we have to understand what role emotion plays in it.” – (Herbert Simon, American Nobel Laureate scientist) At the point of decision, emotions are very important for choosing. In fact, even with what we believe are logical decisions, the very point of choice is arguably always based on emotion. As Dr. Simon and others have pointed out, emotions influence, skew or sometimes completely determine the outcome of a large number of decisions we are confronted within a day.  Therefore, it is important for all of us who want to make the best, most objective decisions to know all we can about emotions and their effect on our decision-making. People, who are emotionally intelligent, don’t remove all emotions from their decision-making. They remove emotions that have nothing to do with the decision. The secret to making smarter decisions that aren’t swayed by your current emotions, particularly when your emotions are unrel...
Read more

Contemporary Movements for assertion of Dalit identity

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar laid the foundation of Dalit movement in India. He was committed to annihilation of caste. He argued that the caste system must vanish for the Dalits to attain a respectable position in the society. The contemporary Dalit movements focus on assertion of Dalit identity, it has been debated whether the strengthening or Dalit identity can lead towards the annihilation of caste. These movements are characterized by:  (i) Several leaders have electoral ambitions, thus they utilize these movements by strengthening the Dalit identity for vote bank politics, thus mobilizing Dalits for vote bank politics.  (ii) The Dalit movements are dominated by their middle class raising issues related to identity and reservations of government jobs and political positions. Thus, Dalit movements have material benefits as their primary aim.  (iii)There is widespread local level assertion against the practice of untouchability and discrimination. Their struggles have brought Dal...
Read more

Crew module Atmospheric Re-entry Experiment (CARE)

Image
Crew Module (CM) is identified as the payload in GSLV MK-III-X/CARE Mission. CARE is the acronym for Crew module Atmospheric Re-entry Experiment. The mission would be used as a platform for testing the re-entry technologies envisaged for Crew Module including validating the performance of parachute based deceleration system.  CARE is expected to enhance the understanding of blunt body re-entry aerothermodynamics and parachute deployment in cluster configuration.  The external configuration of the Crew Module to be flight tested in GSLV MK-III is same as that of manned flight. Objectives: Demonstration of reentry flight of Crew Module End to end parachute system validation Demonstration of apex cover separation Demonstration of parachute deployment The Crew Module (CM) is separated from the Launch Vehicle at an altitude of 126 km, re-enters Earth’s atmosphere at about 80 km and descends further in ballistic mode. Beyond 80 km, CM follows an uncontrolled re-entry trajectory and ...
Read more

UPSC Civil Services (Anthropology Optional) Previous Year Papers (2014 - 2021) PDF Download

Civil Services (Anthropology Optional) Paper 2014 Anthropology Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Anthropology Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Anthropology Optional) Paper 2015 Anthropology Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Anthropology Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Anthropology Optional) Paper 2016 Anthropology Paper - 1 C lick Here To Download Anthropology Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Anthropology Optional) Paper 2017 Anthropology Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Anthropology Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Anthropology Optional) Paper 2018 Anthropology Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Anthropology Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Anthropology Optional) Paper 2019 Anthropology Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Anthropology Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Anthropology Optional) Paper 2020 Anthropology Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Anthropology Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civ...
Read more

Bhoodan and Gramdan Movements initiated by Acharya Vinoba Bhave and their success

Bhoodan was an attempt at land reform, it brought about institutional reform in agriculture like land redistribution, through a movement and not only through legislation. Vinobha Bhave a Gandhian constructive worker, organized Sorvodaya Samaj and popularized that it is far better for a hundred families in a village to cultivate their land collectively and to divide their income than to divide the land into hundred portions.  The objective of the Bhoodan movement was to persuade the wealthy landowners to voluntarily give a percentage of their land which could be later on redistributed among the landless farmers. But it was not effective because the poor farmers were given a small patch of land on which to settle, as well as grow some of their own food, so as to give them incentive to remain in village as captive labour pool for rich landowners.  Bhoodan led to fragmentation of land and according to Gandhian Principle, the key to the lasting solution of land problem lies in vill...
Read more

Manipur Civil Services Combined Competitive Exam 2014 Papers PDF Download

The Manipur Civil Services Combined Competitive Preliminary Examination will consist of 1 (one) paper of objective type (multiple choice questions) and carry a maximum of 300 marks in General Studies only, for which the syllabus is mentioned in sub-section (A) of Section-II. This Examination is meant to serve as a screening test only; the marks obtained in the Preliminary Examination by the candidates who are declared qualified for admission to the Main Examination will not be counted for determining their final order of merit . Manipur Civil Service Combined Competitive (Preliminary) Exam, 2014 MCSCCE (Prelim) Examination General Studies paper The Combined Competitive Main Examination will consist of Written Examination and Interview/Personality Test. The Written Examination will consist of 8(eight) compulsory papers of conventional essay Click Below To Download 2016, 2014, 2013 Papers  Manipur Civil Service Combined Competitive Exam, 2016 Manipur Civil Service Combined Competit...
Read more

Strength, Peace and Security are the pillars of International Relations

In today's transnational world, a sustainable national security policy cannot be achieved through national capabilities alone. Sustainable national security instead rests on three pillars: 1. A multi-sum security principle based on justice at all levels, multilateralism and multidimensionality (including human, environmental, national, transnational and trans cultural/transcivilizational security); 2. Symbiotic realism in international relations, whereby mutual cooperation among states results in non-conflictual absolute gains that is peace. 3. Transcivilizational synergy which results from mutual respect, multiculturalism, cosmopolitanism and cross-fertilization, and will lead to global justice, security and prosperity. This is essential reading for anyone interested in an innovative approach to the complex yet central subject of sustainable strength. Strength: • Economic Strength. • Military • Infrastructure • Diplomacy • Able Leadership (Ex: Putin) • Science & Technology • T...
Read more

GSAT-8, ISRO Communication Satellite

Image
GSAT-8, India’s advanced communication satellite, is a high power communication satellite being inducted in the INSAT system. Weighing about 3100 Kg at lift-off, GSAT-8 is configured to carry 24 high power transponders in Ku-band and a two-channel GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) payload operating in L1 and L5 bands. The 24 Ku band transponders will augment the capacity in the INSAT system. The GAGAN payload provides the Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS), through which the accuracy of the positioning information obtained from the GPS Satellite is improved by a network of ground based receivers and made available to the users in the country through the geostationary satellites. Mission Communication Weight 3093 kg (Mass at Lift – off) 1426 kg (Dry Mass) Power Solar array providing 6242 watts three 100 Ah Lithium Ion batteries Physical Dimensions 2.0 x 1.77 x 3.1m cuboid Propulsion 440 Newton Liquid Apogee Motors (LAM) with mono Methyl Hydrazine (MMH) as fuel and Mixed...
Read more