Goals Of Psychological Studies

Psychologists have accepted scientific method and try to generate knowledge which stands well on the above mentioned criteria of science. As scientists they try to achieve the following goals regarding the objective of their study. 

1. Description: The first step towards gaining understanding is to obtain a proper or systematic description of the phenomenon under study. It determines the range and boundary of the phenomena. 

2. Explanation: Explanation means statement of the factors which determine the phenomenon under study. In other words, one may say that explanation provides the factors which make something happen. Thus, when a psychologist shows that practice leads to change in behavior he or she is explaining learning. 

3. Prediction: Once we are able to get the explanation of some phenomena we are in a position to tell or predict what will happen under certain circumstances. The ability to make prediction is based on systematic analysis of the various causal factors. The presence or absence of those factors can help one to tell what will happen in future. 

4. Control: The ability to predict provides the knowledge necessary to bring the change that is desirable. For instance, use of polio vaccine prevents the occurrence of polio. Similarly practicing yoga or relaxation can be used to improve health and quality of life of the people. Thus knowledge can be used to produce results desired by the user of knowledge. This, however, is possible only when we have scientific knowledge.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

EDUSAT Satellite, ISRO

GSAT-3, known as EDUSAT is meant for distant class room education from school level to higher education. This was the first dedicated "Educational Satellite" that provide the country with satellite based two way communication to class room for delivering educational materials. This is a Geo-synchronous satellite developed on I-2K bus. GSAT-3 was co-located with METSAT(KALPANA-1) and INSAT-3C at 74 o  E longitude. Mission Education Spacecraft Mass 1950.5 kg mass (at Lift - off) 819.4 kg (Dry mass) Onboard power Total four solar panel of size 2.54 M x 1.525 M generating 2040 W (EOL), two 24 AH NiCd batteries for eclipse support Stabilization 3 axis body stabilised in orbit using sensors, momentum and reaction wheels, magnetic torquers and eight 10 N & 22N reaction control thrusters. Propulsion 440 N Liquid Apogee Motor with MON - 3 and MMH for orbit raising Payload Six upper extended C - band transponders Five lower Ku band transponders with regional beam coverage One lower...
Read more

Fields Of Psychology

Psychology has diversified and expanded in many directions. Beginning with experimental and physiological psychology which focus on the basic psychological processes, attention was shifted to the application of psychology in different spheres of life. In the following paragraphs we shall briefly study the different branches of psychology.  (a) Experimental and Cognitive Psychology: Traditionally experimental psychology has been concerned with the study of psychological processes such as sensation, perception, learning, memory, motivation, emotion, etc. The goal is to understand the principles underlying these processes with the help of experimental method. For a long time this area has dominated the scene. With increasing information this field has diversified. The new field of cognitive psychology happens to be the closest one to experimental psychology. This field tries to explain processes involved in the perception, comprehension and use of information for various purposes. Thu...
Read more

Meaning And Definition Of LAW

Law can be defined firstly - by its basis in nature, reason, religion or ethics, secondly - by its sources like customs, precedent and legislation, thirdly – by its effect on the life of the society, fourthly – by the method of its formal expression or authoritative application, fifthly – by the ends that it seeks to achieve.  Although, there is no general definition of Law which includes all the aspects of Law yet for a general understanding, some of the important definitions are as follows:  Aristotle It (perfect law) is inherent in the nature of man/woman and can be discovered through reason. It is immutable, universal and capable of growth.  Austin Austin says “Law is the command of Sovereign.” Rules laid down by political superiors to political inferiors. In other words, body of command by a sovereign member or members of an independent society wherein the author of law is supreme.  Paton According to Paton “Law consists of a body of rules which are seen to o...
Read more

Rohini Satellite RS-D2

RS-D2 was a 41.5 kg experimental spin stabilized satellite designed with a power handling capability of 16W .It was launched onboard SLV-3 from SHAR Centre on April 17, 1983. The Smart Sensor Camera was the primary payload onboard the satellite.  It has sent more than 5000 pictures frames in both visible and infra-red bands for identification of features and demonstrated the technique of determination of attitude and orbit using images. The camera had on-board processing capability to use the data for classifying ground features like water, vegetation, bare land, clouds and snow. Mission Experimental Weight 41.5 kg Onboard power 16 Watts Communication VHF band Stabilization Spin stabilized Payload Smart sensor (remote sensing payload), L-band beacon Launch date April 17, 1983 Launch site SHAR Centre, Sriharikota, India Launch vehicle SLV-3 Orbit 371 x 861 km Inclination 46o Mission life 17 months Orbital life Seven years (Re-entered on April 19, 1990)
Read more

West Bengal Judicial Service (Prelims) Previous Year Questions Paper PDF Download

West Bengal Public Service Commission West Bengal Judicial Service (Preliminary) Examination WBPSC Judicial Service (Prelims) 2021 – Click Here To Download WBPSC Judicial Service (Prelims) 2020 – Click Here To Download WBPSC Judicial Service (Prelims) 2019 – Click Here To Download WBPSC Judicial Service (Prelims) 2018 – Click Here To Download WBPSC Judicial Service (Prelims) 2017 – Click Here To Download WBPSC Judicial Service (Prelims) 2016 – Click Here To Download
Read more

UPSC Civil Services (Medical Science Optional) Previous Year Papers (2014 - 2021) PDF Download

Civil Services (Medical Science Optional) Paper 2014 Medical Science Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Medical Science Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Medical Science Optional) Paper 2015 Medical Science Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Medical Science Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Medical Science Optional) Paper 2016 Medical Science Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Medical Science Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Medical Science Optional) Paper 2017 Medical Science Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Medical Science Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Medical Science Optional) Paper 2018 Medical Science Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Medical Science Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Medical Science Optional) Paper 2019 Medical Science Paper - 1 Click Here To Download Medical Science Paper - 2 Click Here To Download Civil Services (Medical Science Optional) Paper 2020 Medical Science Paper - 1 Click Here To D...
Read more

Can I take the interview in Hindi or any other Indian language?

The candidates, opting for Indian Language medium for the written part of the Civil Services (Main) Examination may choose either the same Indian Language or English or Hindi as the medium for the interview. The candidates, opting to write the Civil Services (Main) Examination in English, may choose either English or Hindi or any other Indian Language opted by them for the compulsory Indian Language Paper in the written part of the Civil Services (Main) Examination, as the medium for interview. The Page 15 of 19 candidate has to indicate the language medium of interview at the time of filling up of the Detailed Application Form (DAF) However, the candidates, who are exempted from the compulsory Indian Language Paper, will have to choose either English or Hindi as medium of Interview or Personality Test. 
Read more

mountain ecosystem and the negative impact of development and tourism

Image
Mountains are an important source of water, energy and biological diversity. Furthermore, they are a source of key resources such as minerals, forest products and agricultural products and of recreation. As a major ecosystem representing the complex and interrelated ecology of our planet, mountain environments are essential to the survival of the global ecosystem. Mountain ecosystems are, however, rapidly changing.  Developmental initiatives and Tourism in Mountains Adverse Impact:  • Dams and Roads: Dams and roads can be hazardous, if they are not properly constructed and managed. Disasters in mountains, and the forces that trigger them, affect larger areas, sometimes entire watersheds or river systems.  • Mining: The forces that shaped the world’s mountains also made them rich in minerals and metals, including gold, copper, iron, silver and zinc. Owing to increasing demand, mines are now being opened even in remote mountain areas, particularly in developing countries....
Read more

What are the eligibility criteria of physical requirements required for a UPSC Service/ Post?

The Persons with Benchmark Disabilities candidates shall also be required to meet eligibility criteria in terms of physical requirements/functional classifications (abilities/disabilities) consistent with the requirements of the identified Service/Post as may be prescribed by its Cadre Controlling Authorities. The details of physical requirements and functional classifications are given in the Rules/Notice of the Examination.
Read more

Economic policies of the British in India from eighteenth century to Independence

British control over India began purely out of economic considerations with political factor assuming primacy in the later stages. The English East India company assumed the Diwani rights over a large part of east India following their victory at Plassey (1757) and Buxar (1764). The Company continued to rule for nearly a century followed by the direct British rule till 1947. In the meantime, they devised certain economic policies which had far reaching impact on all aspects of Indian society.  Till the 18th Century, India was not only ahead in the field of agriculture, but also had a prominent place in the world in the field of handicraft production.  Mid 18th Century onwards, the British destroyed handicraft industry and introduced new systems and tenures and policies of revenue administration.  The taxation policies of British were very regressive and exploitative. British had implemented new policies of revenue collection in the form of Permanent Settlement, Mahalwari ...
Read more